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- Environmental and Occupational Health Academic Department
- Contact Info
- 202-994-7993
George M. Gray Faculty Member
Positions
- Director - Center for Risk Science and Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health , Milken Institute School of Public Health 2011 -
- Vice Chair for Academic Affairs - EOH, Environmental and Occupational Health , Milken Institute School of Public Health 2014 -
Dr. Gray is a risk scientist, focused on the “translational” side of public health research, increasing understanding of how to identify, characterize, manage and communicate risks. His more than 70 papers in the peer-reviewed literature cover topics from understanding the toxicologic data used in risk assessment and policy to analysis of health tradeoffs in risk management to communication of risk information. George teaches introductory, specialized and advanced doctoral courses. He won the GWU Milken Institute School of Public Health teaching award for courses with fewer than 30 students in 2014. Dr. Gray served as Assistant Administrator for the Office of Research and Development and Agency Science Advisor at the US Environmental Protection Agency from 2005-2009. He is active in the Society for Toxicology and is Past President and a Fellow of the Society for Risk Analysis.
Research Areas
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Affiliation
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Publications
selected publications
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academic article
- Assessing how in vitro Assay Types Predict in vivo Toxicology Data. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A. 2021
- The Pebble Remains in the Master’s Hand: Two Careers Spent Learning (Still) from John Evans.. Risk Analysis. 2021
- Quantitative Assessment of Microbial Quality and Safety Risk: A Preliminary Case Study of Strengthening Raspberry Supply System in Chile.. Food Control. 2020
- Challenges and Considerations When Balancing the Risks of Contaminants with the Benefits of Fruits and Vegetables for Infants and Toddlers.. Nutrients. 2018
- Taking the Reins: How Regulatory Decision-makers Can Stop Being Hijacked by Uncertainty.. Environment Systems and Decisions. 2018
- Which is Most Sensitive? Assessing Responses of Mice and Rats in Toxicity Bioassays.. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. 2018
- Consumer’s Guide to Regulatory Impact Analysis: Ten Tips for Being an Informed Policymaker.. Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis. 2017
- Correlation of Non-Cancer Benchmark Doses in Short and Long-Term Rodent Bioassays. Risk Analysis. 2017
- An Overview of Occupational Health Risks from Climate Change.. Current Environmental Health Reports. 2016
- Approaches for Describing and Communicating Overall Uncertainty in Toxicity Characterizations: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) as a Case Study. Environment International. 2016
- Comparing Non-cancer Chronic Human Health Reference Values: An Analysis of Science Policy Choices. Risk Analysis. 2016
- Quantitative Evaluation of Choices Used in Setting Non-Cancer Chronic Human Health Reference Values Across Organizations. Risk Analysis. 2016
- The Emergence of Systematic Review in Toxicology. Toxicological Sciences. 2016
- Concordance of Non-Carcinogenic Endpoints in Rodent Chemical Bioassays. Risk Analysis. 2015
- Dialkyl phosphate urinary metabolites and chromosomal abnormalities in human sperm.. Environmental Research. 2015
- Improving Weight of Evidence Approaches to Chemical Evaluations. Risk Analysis. 2015
- Trends in Pregnancy Labeling and Data Quality for US-approved Pharmaceuticals.. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2014
- An approach to integrating occupational safety and health into life cycle assessment: Development and application of work environment characterization factors. Journal of Industrial Ecology. 2014
- Setting Pesticide Reference Doses: A Retrospective Analysis Examining Key Data and Choices.. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment. 2014
- Workshop Report: Strategies for Setting Occupational Exposure Limits for Engineered Nanomaterials.. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 2014
- The Work Environment Disability-Adjusted Life Year for Use With Life Cycle Assessments: A Methodological Approach.. Environmental Health. 2013
- Rethink Chemical Risk Assessment 2012
- Hormesis in Regulatory Risk Assessment: Science and Science Policy.. Dose Response. 2011
- The Challenge of Cumulative Risk Assessments. The Environmental Forum. 2011
- US Environmental Protection Agency Uses Operations Research to Reduce Contamination Risks in Drinking Water. INTERFACES. 2009
- Transforming Environmental Health Protection. Toxicology. 2008
- What Do We Learn from Emissions Reporting? Analytical Considerations and Comparison of Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers in the United States, Canada, England, and Australia.. Risk Analysis. 2007
- Measured Concentrations of VOCs in Several Non-residential Microenvironments in the United States. Environmental Science and Technology. 2006
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article
- EPA's Dioxin Assessment - Letter to the Editor. Risk Analysis. 2010
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book
- Risk: A Practical Guide to Deciding What's Really Safe and What's Really Dangerous in the World Around You. Houghton Mifflin, Boston. 2002
- Risk Assessment and Risk Management of Non-Ferrous Metals: Realizing the Benefits and Managing the Risks.. International Council on Metals and the Environment, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. 1997
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chapter
- Improving the Use of Science to Inform Environmental Regulation. Institutions and Incentives in Regulatory Science. 2012
- Beef, Hormones, and Mad Cows. The Reality of Precaution: Comparing Risk Regulation in the United States and Europe. 2011
- A Simulation Model for Evaluating the Potential for Spread of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy to Animals or to People. Prions and Mad Cow Disease. 2003
- Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy: Risk Assessment and Governmental Policy. Microbial Food Safety in Animal Agriculture. 2003
- Risk Tradeoffs in Pesticide Regulation: Substitutes and Income Effects. Foresight and Precaution. 2000
- Risk Assessment and the Accelerated Phase-out of Lead. The Greening of Industry. 1997
- Risk-Risk Tradeoffs in Pesticide Regulation. Risk vs. Risk: Tradeoffs in Protecting Health and the Environment. 1995
- Growth Factors, Oncogenes, and Protein Kinase C.. Cell Calcium Metabolism ,. 1989
- Characterization of the Epidermal Growth Factor- and Vanadate-Activated Calcium Influx in A431 Cells. Growth Factors, Tumor Promoters, and Cancer Genes. 1988
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conference paper
- Value of Information Analysis in Support of Environmental Decision-Making 2020
- The Pebble Remains in the Master’s Hand: Two Careers Spent Learning (Still) from John Evans 2019
- Challenges and Opportunities for Benefit-Risk Analysis. 2018
- Estimating Chronic Toxicity Values from Short Term Tox Tests: Application to Chemical Substitution Decisions 2017
- Taking the Reins: How Decision-Makers Can Stop being Hijacked by Uncertainty 2017
- Using the Results of a Benefit-Risk Analysis 2017
- Approaches to Non-Cancer Risk Assessment of Tobacco Products 2016
- Approaches to characterizing model uncertainty 2016
- Toxicity testing: are species and genders equally sensitive? 2016
- Uncertainty in Estimates of Benefits for BCA 2016
- Understanding the Database Uncertainty Factor (UFD) 2016
- Bayesian Network Analysis Comparing Human Health Risk Values Across Organizations 2014
- Making Uncertainty Analysis Fit for Purpose 2014
- Comparing science policy choices in chemical risk assessments across organizations. 2013
- Competing considerations for making safer chemical decisions. 2013
- Predicting long-term benchmark dose from short-term studies in National Toxicology Program toxicity tests. 2013
- Communicating Uncertainty in Risk Assessment 2013
presentations
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presentation
- Risk Analysis: Looking Ahead, Harvard School of Public Health 2013
- Risk Assessment in Decision-Making, University of Ottawa Risk Course: Risk-Based Decision Making in Public and Population Health 2012
- Preferences Related to Urban Sustainability under Risk, Uncertainty, and Dynamics: A Combined Elicitation and Modeling Approach, Society for Risk Analysis Annual Meeting 2011
- Cumulative/Aggregate Risk: How it relates to IH, AIHA/PCIH Risk Assessment Symposium, Baltimore MD 2011
- Thinking about Risk, AAAS Hill Science Briefing, Washington DC 2011
- Science for Risk-Based Regulation, OECD Mexico Workshop — New Ideas for Risk Based Regulation and Regulatory Governance in Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico 2011
- Integrity for Science Policy, AAAS Science Policy Forum, Washington DC 2011
- Characterizing Science in Risk Assessment, World Health Organization/International Council on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Workshop “Risk Assessment and Terminology” Salzburg, Austria 2009
- Comparing Risk Assessments of NanoSilver, OECD Workshop on Risk Assessment of Manufactured Nanomaterials in a Regulatory Context, Washington, DC 2009
- Characterizing Uncertainty for Sound Decisions, U.S. EPA Workshop Decision Analysis: Supporting Environmental Decision Makers, Cincinnati, OH 2009
- Emerging Issues in Risk Assessment and Talking About Risk, U.S./EU TransAtlantic Risk Dialogue, Brussels Belgium 2008
- Getting Serious About Uncertainty and Variability, U.S. EPA International Workshop on Uncertainty and Variability in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Models, Research Triangle Park, NC 2006
- Challenges in Sanitary and Phytosanitary Risk Assessment, International Conference on Sanitary Phytosanitary (SPS) Risk Assessment Methodology, Washington, D.C. 2005
- Confronting Risk, Porter School of Environmental Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel 2005
- Risk Analysis and the Precautionary Principle, Erasmus Center for Law and Society 2004
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Research
principal investigator on
co-principal investigator on
other research activities
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Teaching
teaching activities
- Advanced Topics: Environmental and Occupational Health Research and Practice. (GWU SPHHS PH 8412)
- Advanced Topics: Principles of Environmental Health Risk Science (GWU SPHHS PH 8411)
- All levels of Swedish Language, Culture, and Literature Courses (NA)
- Applied Toxicology (GWU SPHHS PH 6123)
- Classes from GW's Best (George Washington University Colonials Weekend 201)
- Environmental and Biological Foundations of Public Health (PUBH 6011)
- Environmental and Occupational Health (HSPH Environmental Health 202)
- Environmental and Occupational Health in a Sustainable World (GWU SPHHS PH 6004)
- Fundamentals of Exposure and Risk Assessment (HSPH Environmental Health 260)
- HSPH Continuing Professional Education Course - Analyzing Risk: Science, Assessment and Management (CCPE)
- Harvard Institute for International Development Economic and Policy Analysis Workshop (HIID)
- Principles of Toxicology (HSPH Toxicology 204)
- Regulatory Toxicology (HSPH RDS 501)
- Risk Assessment and Management (FDST 986)
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Service
reviewer of
- American Journal of Public Health, (Journal)
- Critical Reviews in Toxicology (Journal)
- Dose Response: An International Journal (Journal)
- EPA Documents (Journal)
- Environmental Health Perspectives (Journal)
- Environmental Science & Technology (Journal)
- Health Canada - Risk Assessment (Journal)
- Health Policy (Journal)
- Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (Journal)
- Journal of Health and Pollution (Journal)
- Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, (Journal)
- Journal of Risk Research (Journal)
- Journal of Risk Research (Journal)
- Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association (Journal)
- Risk Analysis (Journal)
- Risk: Health, Safety and Environment (Journal)
- Toxicological Sciences (Journal)
- Toxicology and Industrial Health (Journal)
- University of Ottawa - Cyclical Review of Graduate Program "Population Health Risk Assessment and Management" (Journal)
professional service activities
- Society for Risk Analysis Awards Committee Member 2015 -
- Society for Risk Analysis - Fellow Other 2015 - 2199
- Society of Toxicology : TSCA Task Force Member 2013 - 2199
- Society for Risk Analysis Member 1989 - 2199
- Society of Toxicology Member 1987 - 2199
- Society for Risk Analysis President 2012 - 2013
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Background
education and training
- B.S. degree in Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- M.S. degree in Toxicology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.
- Ph.D. degree in Toxicology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New
awards and honors
- Best Paper Award 2017, conferred by Society for Risk Analysis Decision Analysis and Risk Speciality Group, 2017
- Fellow - Society for Risk Analysis, conferred by Fellow of the Society for Risk Analysis, 2014
- Teaching Award - Class with Fewer than 30 Students, conferred by GWU Milken Institue School of Public Health, 2014
- President, conferred by International Society for Risk Analysis, 2012
- Newman Award, conferred by University of Rochester, 1989
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Contact
full name
- George M. Gray
mailing address
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Department of Environmental and Occupational Health
Milken Institute School of Public Health
950 New Hampshire Ave, NW Room 218
Washington, DC 20052
USA
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